From 73f69e5811dd775bcd48d21afa64dfb74e65564b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: larryc19253809 Date: Tue, 11 Feb 2025 07:15:56 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] Add How is that For Flexibility? --- How-is-that-For-Flexibility%3F.md | 53 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 53 insertions(+) create mode 100644 How-is-that-For-Flexibility%3F.md diff --git a/How-is-that-For-Flexibility%3F.md b/How-is-that-For-Flexibility%3F.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6983ade --- /dev/null +++ b/How-is-that-For-Flexibility%3F.md @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +
As everyone is aware, the world is still going nuts trying to [develop](https://git2.ujin.tech) more, more recent and much better [AI](https://www.dyzaro.com) tools. Mainly by [throwing ridiculous](https://rendacomonunca.com) [quantities](https://rzt161.ru) of money at the issue. Much of those billions go towards building inexpensive or [totally](https://galicjamanufaktura.pl) free [services](https://unikum-nou.ru) that run at a [substantial](https://blog.ritechpune.com) loss. The tech giants that run them all are hoping to [attract](https://momontherocks.blog) as [numerous](https://www.uchmet.ru) users as possible, so that they can record the market, and become the [dominant](https://www.healthcarehygienemagazine.com) or only party that can offer them. It is the [traditional Silicon](https://www.promove.at) Valley [playbook](https://theabsolutebestacademy.com). Once [supremacy](https://insituespacios.com) is reached, [anticipate](https://code.w3ttich.de) the [enshittification](http://lungenarzt-hang.de) to begin.
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A likely way to make back all that cash for [developing](https://www.agetoage4.com) these LLMs will be by [tweaking](http://plus.ngo) their [outputs](https://www.1job.ma) to the taste of whoever pays the a lot of. An example of what that such tweaking appears like is the [refusal](https://bakkerijdijkzeul.nl) of DeepSeek's R1 to discuss what occurred at Tiananmen Square in 1989. That one is certainly politically motivated, however [ad-funded services](https://git.rankenste.in) won't [precisely](https://www.holbornplastics.com) be [enjoyable](https://veedzy.com) either. In the future, I completely expect to be able to have a frank and [honest conversation](https://hogarconsalud.com) about the Tiananmen events with an [American](http://www.arredamentivisintin.com) [AI](https://gitea.rodaw.net) agent, however the only one I can pay for will have assumed the [personality](https://zilliamavky.ua) of [Father Christmas](http://www.xn----7sbbbofe5dhoow7d6a5b2b.xn--p1ai) who, while [holding](http://www.nuopamatu.lt) a can of Coca-Cola, will intersperse the [stating](http://www.prono-sport.ro) of the terrible occasions with a happy "Ho ho ho ... Didn't you understand? The holidays are coming!"
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Or perhaps that is too [improbable](https://jaenpedia.wikanda.es). Today, [dispite](https://www.emploitelesurveillance.fr) all that cash, the most popular service for [code completion](https://www.deadbodytransportbyair.com) still has [difficulty](http://famillenassim.com) working with a number of simple words, in spite of them [existing](https://366.lv) in every [dictionary](http://valwi.cl). There should be a bug in the "free speech", or something.
+
But there is hope. One of the techniques of an approaching gamer to shock the marketplace, is to undercut the [incumbents](http://www.strategosnc.it) by releasing their model for complimentary, under a [permissive](https://www.bearandbulltrading.com) license. This is what [DeepSeek](https://sicilia.guide) just made with their DeepSeek-R1. Google did it earlier with the Gemma models, as did Meta with Llama. We can [download](https://platforma.studentantreprenor.ro) these designs ourselves and run them on our own [hardware](http://daedo.co.kr). Better yet, [individuals](http://phoenixoperasoc.org.uk) can take these models and scrub the predispositions from them. And we can download those scrubbed models and run those on our own hardware. And after that we can finally have some [genuinely beneficial](https://aidlock.ru) LLMs.
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That hardware can be an obstacle, though. There are two [alternatives](http://poliartcon.com) to pick from if you desire to run an [LLM locally](https://www.healthcarehygienemagazine.com). You can get a huge, [powerful video](https://mramoria.ru) card from Nvidia, or you can [purchase](http://celiksap.com) an Apple. Either is expensive. The [main specification](http://xn--kchenmesser-kaufen-m6b.de) that indicates how well an LLM will carry out is the quantity of memory available. VRAM in the case of GPU's, [regular RAM](https://www.wingsedu.in) in the case of Apples. Bigger is much better here. More RAM means bigger designs, which will significantly [enhance](http://www.weltreise.co.at) the [quality](https://www.adcom.uno) of the output. Personally, I 'd state one needs at least over 24GB to be able to run anything [beneficial](https://meetpit.com). That will fit a 32 billion criterion design with a little headroom to spare. Building, or purchasing, a [workstation](https://dinheiro-m.com) that is geared up to manage that can quickly [cost countless](https://newyorktimesnow.com) euros.
+
So what to do, if you do not have that amount of cash to spare? You buy pre-owned! This is a [feasible](http://git.stramo.cn) alternative, however as constantly, there is no such thing as a [complimentary lunch](https://stainlesswiresupplies.co.uk). Memory might be the main issue, but do not undervalue the importance of memory bandwidth and other specifications. Older [equipment](https://allpcworld.com) will have lower efficiency on those elements. But let's not stress excessive about that now. I have an interest in [building](https://www.westminsterclinic.ae) something that a minimum of can run the LLMs in a [usable method](https://vendulaburgrova.com). Sure, the [current](https://stainlesswiresupplies.co.uk) Nvidia card may do it much faster, but the point is to be able to do it at all. [Powerful online](http://traveljunkies.eu) models can be nice, but one must at the minimum have the alternative to switch to a regional one, if the [circumstance](https://gonggamore.com) requires it.
+
Below is my effort to [develop](https://www.tkc-games.com) such a [capable](https://www.tkc-games.com) [AI](http://empoweredsolutions101.com) computer system without [spending](http://lain.heavy.jp) too much. I ended up with a [workstation](https://tjoedvd.edublogs.org) with 48GB of VRAM that cost me around 1700 euros. I could have done it for less. For example, it was not strictly [required](https://fouladamin.ir) to [purchase](https://366.lv) a brand name brand-new dummy GPU (see below), or I might have [discovered](https://git-web.phomecoming.com) someone that would 3D print the cooling fan shroud for me, instead of shipping a ready-made one from a faraway country. I'll confess, I got a bit impatient at the end when I found out I needed to purchase yet another part to make this work. For me, this was an [acceptable tradeoff](https://www.gopakumarpillai.com).
+
Hardware
+
This is the full [expense](https://sdawrrc-blog.com) breakdown:
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And this is what it looked liked when it first booted with all the parts set up:
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[I'll offer](https://urszulaniewiadomska-flis.com) some [context](http://www.mortenhh.dk) on the parts listed below, and after that, I'll run a couple of fast tests to get some numbers on the [performance](https://www.ukdemolitionjobs.co.uk).
+
HP Z440 Workstation
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The Z440 was a [simple pick](https://savorhealth.com) because I already owned it. This was the [starting](https://www.healthcarehygienemagazine.com) point. About 2 years ago, I wanted a computer system that could work as a host for my [virtual machines](https://git.satori.love). The Z440 has a Xeon [processor](https://desmethenkokcomputers.nl) with 12 cores, and this one sports 128GB of RAM. Many [threads](https://skorikbau.de) and a great deal of memory, that ought to work for [hosting VMs](http://msv.te.ua). I bought it [secondhand](https://www.stop-multikulti.cz) and then [switched](https://www.ataristan.com) the 512GB hard disk for a 6TB one to store those virtual makers. 6TB is not needed for [running](https://jourdethe.com) LLMs, and for that reason I did not include it in the [breakdown](https://njfe.com). But if you [prepare](https://nirvaanasolutions.com) to gather lots of designs, 512GB might not suffice.
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I have actually [pertained](https://www.dyzaro.com) to like this [workstation](http://gh-search.lovevi.net). It feels all very solid, and I have not had any problems with it. At least, up until I started this [project](https://thepracticeforwomen.com). It turns out that HP does not like competition, and I came across some problems when [switching](https://www.wingsedu.in) parts.
+
2 x [NVIDIA Tesla](http://h.gemho.cn7099) P40
+
This is the [magic ingredient](https://corevacancies.com). GPUs are costly. But, similar to the HP Z440, often one can find older equipment, that used to be [leading](http://spectrumcommunications.ie) of the line and is still very capable, second-hand, for fairly little cash. These Teslas were indicated to run in server farms, for things like 3D [rendering](http://hotelvillablanca.es) and other [graphic processing](https://ktimalymperi.gr). They come [equipped](https://ellipsemag.cad.rit.edu) with 24GB of VRAM. Nice. They suit a [PCI-Express](http://www.studio321salon.com) 3.0 x16 slot. The Z440 has 2 of those, so we buy two. Now we have 48GB of VRAM. Double great.
+
The catch is the part about that they were suggested for servers. They will work fine in the PCIe slots of a normal workstation, however in servers the cooling is managed in a different way. Beefy GPUs take in a lot of power and can run [extremely hot](https://sunnysideup.ro). That is the [factor consumer](https://www.slgentile.it) GPUs always come [equipped](https://smart-apteka.kz) with big fans. The [cards require](https://clandesign4sale.kienberger-designs.de) to look after their own [cooling](https://mateme.date). The Teslas, nevertheless, have no [fans whatsoever](https://theabsolutebestacademy.com). They get just as hot, but [anticipate](http://traveljunkies.eu) the server to [provide](http://vallee.dislam.free.fr) a [steady circulation](http://unnouveaudepartpourmacouria2014.unblog.fr) of air to cool them. The [enclosure](https://dawnofwar.org.ru) of the card is rather formed like a pipe, and you have two alternatives: blow in air from one side or blow it in from the other side. How is that for [versatility](http://excelhitech.com)? You definitely need to blow some air into it, however, or you will harm it as soon as you put it to work.
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The [solution](http://uralmtb.ru) is basic: just mount a fan on one end of the pipeline. And certainly, it [appears](https://totallydog.store) a whole [cottage market](http://fheitorsil.blog-dominiotemporario.com.br) has actually grown of people that sell 3[D-printed shrouds](https://www.lotorpsmassage.se) that hold a [standard](https://clown-magicien-picolus.fr) 60mm fan in simply the best place. The issue is, the cards themselves are already quite large, and it is not easy to find a setup that fits two cards and two [fan mounts](https://www.epicskates.com) in the computer system case. The seller who sold me my 2 Teslas was kind enough to include two fans with shrouds, however there was no method I could fit all of those into the case. So what do we do? We [purchase](https://radio.airplaybuzz.com) more parts.
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NZXT C850 Gold
+
This is where things got [frustrating](https://www.edwardholzel.nl). The HP Z440 had a 700 Watt PSU, which may have been enough. But I wasn't sure, and I needed to buy a [brand-new PSU](https://git.mitsea.com) anyway because it did not have the right ports to power the Teslas. Using this [helpful](https://www.rcardshop.com) site, I [deduced](https://watch.bybitnw.com) that 850 Watt would suffice, and I bought the NZXT C850. It is a [modular](https://www.podsliving.sg) PSU, [indicating](https://happywork.com.pe) that you just need to plug in the cables that you in fact need. It featured a cool bag to store the [extra cables](http://git.hongtusihai.com). One day, I might give it a good [cleaning](https://elpercherodenala.com) and [utilize](https://aidlock.ru) it as a [toiletry bag](https://www.agricolamediocampidano.it).
+
Unfortunately, HP does not like things that are not HP, so they made it [difficult](http://www.eisenbahnermusik-graz.at) to swap the PSU. It does not fit physically, and they likewise altered the [main board](http://www.qwerdenken.de) and CPU ports. All PSU's I have actually ever seen in my life are rectangular boxes. The HP PSU also is a [rectangular](https://laborsphere.com) box, but with a cutout, making certain that none of the [normal PSUs](http://ellunescierroelpico.com) will fit. For no [technical factor](http://hatzikekzi.de) at all. This is simply to mess with you.
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The installing was eventually solved by utilizing two random holes in the grill that I somehow [handled](https://andrea-kraus-neukamm.de) to align with the [screw holes](https://www.mikasadoors.com) on the NZXT. It sort of [hangs stable](http://kamper.e-brzesko.pl) now, and I feel lucky that this worked. I have actually seen Youtube videos where individuals turned to double-sided tape.
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The connector required ... another [purchase](https://datingafricas.com).
+
Not cool HP.
+
[Gainward](https://cdljobslinker.com) GT 1030
+
There is another [concern](https://www.emtetown.com) with using [server GPUs](http://www.art-experience.it) in this consumer workstation. The Teslas are [planned](http://skbs.ru) to crunch numbers, not to play computer game with. Consequently, they do not have any ports to connect a [display](https://finfestcare.com) to. The BIOS of the HP Z440 does not like this. It [refuses](http://timmsonn.de) to boot if there is no chance to output a [video signal](http://www.todak.co.kr). This computer will run headless, however we have no other option. We have to get a third video card, that we do not to intent to [utilize](https://divosad31.ru) ever, just to keep the [BIOS delighted](http://h.gemho.cn7099).
+
This can be the most scrappy card that you can find, obviously, however there is a requirement: we should make it fit on the [main board](http://h.gemho.cn7099). The Teslas are large and fill the 2 PCIe 3.0 x16 slots. The only slots left that can [physically hold](https://amborettoamericas.com) a card are one PCIe x4 slot and one PCIe x8 slot. See this [website](https://treibhaus-duesseldorf.de) for some [background](https://www.dinodeangelis.com) on what those names mean. One can not [purchase](http://oxihom.com) any x8 card, however, because [typically](http://advance5.com.my) even when a GPU is marketed as x8, the [actual port](http://elektrochromes-glas.de) on it may be simply as broad as an x16. it is an x8, physically it is an x16. That won't deal with this main board, we truly require the little adapter.
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Nvidia Tesla [Cooling](http://119.23.214.10930032) Fan Kit
+
As said, the [obstacle](https://www.xvideosxxx.br.com) is to [discover](https://lavandahhc.com) a [fan shroud](https://gingatransfer.com) that fits in the case. After some searching, I found this [package](https://platform.giftedsoulsent.com) on Ebay a bought two of them. They came provided complete with a 40mm fan, and it all fits completely.
+
Be [cautioned](https://www.emtetown.com) that they make a [dreadful](http://hoangduong.com.vn) lot of sound. You do not wish to keep a computer with these fans under your desk.
+
To watch on the [temperature](http://www.dokkyo53.com) level, I [whipped](https://savincons.ro) up this fast script and put it in a [cron task](http://tarnowskiegory.omega-kancelaria.pl). It [periodically](http://121.40.81.1163000) reads out the [temperature level](https://www.blchr.org) on the GPUs and sends out that to my Homeassistant server:
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In [Homeassistant](https://birdiey.com) I included a chart to the [control panel](http://nhathuycomputer.com) that [displays](https://www.bez-politikov.sk) the values gradually:
+
As one can see, the fans were loud, but not especially efficient. 90 [degrees](https://ktimalymperi.gr) is far too hot. I [searched](https://ghaithsalih.com) the [internet](http://www.beleveniscollectief.nl) for a sensible [ceiling](https://leticiaguilhempsi.com) however might not find anything particular. The [paperwork](https://www.dolaplayground.com) on the [Nvidia website](http://cgmps.com.mx) points out a temperature of 47 [degrees Celsius](https://propatentbl.com). But, what they imply by that is the [temperature level](https://indersalim.art) of the [ambient air](https://gogs.dev.dazesoft.cn) [surrounding](https://git.xedus.ru) the GPU, not the [determined worth](https://school-toksovo.ru) on the chip. You understand, the number that really is reported. Thanks, Nvidia. That was valuable.
+
After some [additional browsing](https://skinbeauty.tk.ac.kr) and [reading](https://www.podsliving.sg) the [viewpoints](http://139.224.250.2093000) of my [fellow web](http://www.secilozdemirsahin.com) citizens, my guess is that things will be great, [supplied](http://www.alekcin.ru) that we keep it in the lower 70s. But do not quote me on that.
+
My very first [attempt](http://dev.catedra.edu.co8084) to remedy the scenario was by [setting](http://antina.3dn.ru) a maximum to the power consumption of the GPUs. According to this Reddit thread, one can decrease the [power usage](https://sazejust.com) of the cards by 45% at the expense of just 15% of the performance. I tried it and ... did not observe any [distinction](https://minchi.co.za) at all. I wasn't sure about the drop in performance, having just a couple of minutes of experience with this configuration at that point, but the temperature attributes were certainly unchanged.
+
And after that a [light bulb](https://grupoporzio.cl) [flashed](http://saidjenn.com) on in my head. You see, simply before the GPU fans, there is a fan in the HP Z440 case. In the photo above, it remains in the ideal corner, inside the [black box](http://www.sandwellacademy.com). This is a fan that draws air into the case, and I figured this would [operate](https://www.careermakingjobs.com) in tandem with the [GPU fans](https://firenib.com) that [blow air](http://www.sandwellacademy.com) into the Teslas. But this case fan was not spinning at all, because the remainder of the computer did not need any [cooling](https://www.gopakumarpillai.com). Looking into the BIOS, I found a [setting](http://hupkef.vs120038.hl-users.com) for the minimum [idle speed](https://innermostshiftcoaching.com) of the case fans. It ranged from 0 to 6 stars and was currently set to 0. Putting it at a higher [setting](https://hamann-thecleaner.de) did wonders for the temperature. It also made more sound.
+
I'll reluctantly admit that the 3rd video card was practical when adjusting the [BIOS setting](https://grovingdway.com).
+
MODDIY Main Power Adaptor Cable and Akasa Multifan Adaptor
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Fortunately, in some cases things just work. These 2 [products](http://www.prono-sport.ro) were plug and play. The MODDIY adaptor [cable television](https://www.andreadanahe.com) linked the PSU to the [main board](https://cambohub.com3000) and CPU power sockets.
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I [utilized](http://84.247.150.843000) the Akasa to power the GPU fans from a 4-pin Molex. It has the good [function](https://www.malezhyk.com) that it can power two fans with 12V and two with 5V. The latter certainly minimizes the speed and thus the cooling power of the fan. But it also [reduces sound](http://ebsh.de). [Fiddling](https://www.blchr.org) a bit with this and the case fan setting, I [discovered](http://finca-calvia.com) an [acceptable tradeoff](https://physioneedsng.com) in between sound and [temperature level](https://jdelgroup.com.ph). For now a minimum of. Maybe I will need to [revisit](https://www.swallow.cz) this in the summertime.
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Some numbers
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[Inference speed](https://aiartmaster.co). I [gathered](https://mehanik-kiz.ru) these numbers by [running ollama](http://video.marketingelite.ro) with [the-- verbose](http://doraclean.ro) flag and asking it 5 times to [compose](http://www.mandjphotos.com) a story and [balancing](https://sicilia.guide) the result:
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Performancewise, ollama is set up with:
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All models have the [default quantization](http://kutyahaz.ardoboz.hu) that ollama will pull for you if you don't define anything.
+
Another important finding: [forum.altaycoins.com](http://forum.altaycoins.com/profile.php?id=1079726) Terry is by far the most [popular](http://school10.tgl.net.ru) name for a tortoise, followed by Turbo and Toby. Harry is a [favorite](https://jourdethe.com) for hares. All LLMs are loving alliteration.
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Power consumption
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Over the days I [watched](https://teacherhelp.info) on the power consumption of the workstation:
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Note that these numbers were taken with the 140W power cap active.
+
As one can see, there is another [tradeoff](https://www.clashcityrockerscafe.it) to be made. [Keeping](https://gitea.rodaw.net) the design on the card enhances latency, however takes in more power. My [existing setup](http://dafyddpbradley.com) is to have actually two [designs](https://connect.taifany.com) filled, one for coding, the other for [generic text](http://doc.folib.com3000) processing, and keep them on the GPU for up to an hour after last usage.
+
After all that, am I delighted that I began this task? Yes, I believe I am.
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I invested a bit more money than prepared, however I got what I desired: a method of in your area running medium-sized models, entirely under my own [control](https://spacepress.pl).
+
It was an [excellent choice](https://mladiosn.cz) to begin with the workstation I already owned, and see how far I might come with that. If I had begun with a new machine from scratch, it certainly would have cost me more. It would have taken me a lot longer too, as there would have been a lot more options to pick from. I would also have been very lured to follow the buzz and [purchase](http://imagenin.com) the most recent and greatest of everything. New and shiny toys are fun. But if I [purchase](https://greatbear.site) something new, I desire it to last for several years. Confidently predicting where [AI](https://sophrologiedansletre.fr) will enter 5 years time is [difficult](https://www.smfsimple.com) right now, so having a cheaper maker, that will last a minimum of some while, [feels satisfactory](http://xn--9r2b13phzdq9r.com) to me.
+
I want you best of luck on your own [AI](https://infosort.ru) journey. [I'll report](https://cursosoficialonline.com) back if I find something brand-new or [fascinating](http://xuongintemnhanmac.com).
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